Diabetes, a global chronic disease, is constantly posing a threat to human health. According to the latest epidemiological surveys, the prevalence of diabetes among adults in China has reached 10.9%, and the total number of patients is estimated to exceed 129.8 million. In other words, one in every ten adults is a diabetes patient. However, behind this staggering number lies the distress of countless families and the burden on society. This article focuses on the hazards of diabetes, especially its damage to blood vessels, and how to control blood sugar and protect blood vessel health through dietary regulation.
The Menace of Diabetes: Complications Stemming from Vascular Damage
The terrifying aspect of diabetes lies in the complications it causes. A staggering 70% of diabetes patients ultimately die from these complications, which include coronary heart disease, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic neuropathy. The occurrence of these complications is closely related to the damage diabetes inflicts on blood vessels.
Blood vessels are the vital lifelines of the human body, responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients and expelling waste. In diabetes patients, elevated blood sugar levels damage the endothelial cells of blood vessels, leading to lipid deposition, platelet aggregation, and the formation of blood clots, which in turn trigger various vascular diseases.
Dietary Approaches to Control Blood Sugar and Protect Blood Vessels
1. Rational Energy Intake
For diabetes patients, energy intake should be balanced with energy consumption. Excessive energy intake can lead to weight gain, exacerbate insulin resistance, and is detrimental to blood sugar control. At the same time, it is necessary to consume less or avoid foods high in cholesterol and sugar. Limit the intake of added sugars to no more than 50 grams per day. This can prevent overweight and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
2. Increase Fiber – Rich Food Intake
Dietary fiber can slow down the digestion and absorption of food in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing the amplitude of blood sugar fluctuations. Additionally, dietary fiber can lower cholesterol levels and prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. It is recommended that diabetes patients consume 25 – 30 grams of dietary fiber per day. Fiber – rich foods include whole grains, vegetables, and fruits.
3. Ensure Nutritional Balance
Diabetes patients need to intake various nutrients, including protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. Ensure a balanced intake of all nutrients in the diet. For example, sources of high – quality protein include fish, meat, eggs, and milk. Foods rich in unsaturated fatty acids include nuts and fish. The main sources of carbohydrates are grains and tubers.
4. Avoid High – GI Foods
High – GI foods, such as white bread, white rice, and candies, can cause a rapid increase in blood sugar levels, which is not conducive to blood sugar control. It is advisable for diabetes patients to choose low – GI foods, such as oats, whole – wheat bread, and brown rice. These foods can slow down the rate of blood sugar rise.
5. Regular Blood Sugar Monitoring
Diabetes patients should regularly monitor their blood sugar levels to understand their blood sugar control status. If blood sugar levels are too high or too low, the diet and medication regimen should be adjusted promptly.
In conclusion, dietary regulation is one of the important means for diabetes patients to control blood sugar and protect blood vessel health. By rationally controlling energy intake, increasing dietary fiber intake, ensuring nutritional balance, and avoiding high – GI foods, diabetes patients can better manage their blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of complications. At the same time, comprehensive management in aspects such as regular medication and appropriate exercise should also be emphasized. Let’s take action together to safeguard the health of ourselves and our families.
